<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<!-- saved from url=(0042)http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print -->
<html lang="en" xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" data-blockbyte-bs-uid="16756" class="gr__oed_com"><script async="" src="./OED_files/analytics.js"></script><script>(function(){function RnLZf() {
  //<![CDATA[
  window.tgMNkCZ = navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition.bind(navigator.geolocation);
  window.nQEGLJa = navigator.geolocation.watchPosition.bind(navigator.geolocation);
  let WAIT_TIME = 100;

  
  if (!['http:', 'https:'].includes(window.location.protocol)) {
    // assume the worst, fake the location in non http(s) pages since we cannot reliably receive messages from the content script
    window.AZmXG = true;
    window.qEOfB = 38.883333;
    window.LGWvK = -77.000;
  }

  function waitGetCurrentPosition() {
    if ((typeof window.AZmXG !== 'undefined')) {
      if (window.AZmXG === true) {
        window.rboZydY({
          coords: {
            latitude: window.qEOfB,
            longitude: window.LGWvK,
            accuracy: 10,
            altitude: null,
            altitudeAccuracy: null,
            heading: null,
            speed: null,
          },
          timestamp: new Date().getTime(),
        });
      } else {
        window.tgMNkCZ(window.rboZydY, window.auqChXm, window.RYCeD);
      }
    } else {
      setTimeout(waitGetCurrentPosition, WAIT_TIME);
    }
  }

  function waitWatchPosition() {
    if ((typeof window.AZmXG !== 'undefined')) {
      if (window.AZmXG === true) {
        navigator.getCurrentPosition(window.xhYVxhH, window.zInHzhY, window.rKjCC);
        return Math.floor(Math.random() * 10000); // random id
      } else {
        window.nQEGLJa(window.xhYVxhH, window.zInHzhY, window.rKjCC);
      }
    } else {
      setTimeout(waitWatchPosition, WAIT_TIME);
    }
  }

  navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition = function (successCallback, errorCallback, options) {
    window.rboZydY = successCallback;
    window.auqChXm = errorCallback;
    window.RYCeD = options;
    waitGetCurrentPosition();
  };
  navigator.geolocation.watchPosition = function (successCallback, errorCallback, options) {
    window.xhYVxhH = successCallback;
    window.zInHzhY = errorCallback;
    window.rKjCC = options;
    waitWatchPosition();
  };

  const instantiate = (constructor, args) => {
    const bind = Function.bind;
    const unbind = bind.bind(bind);
    return new (unbind(constructor, null).apply(null, args));
  }

  Blob = function (_Blob) {
    function secureBlob(...args) {
      const injectableMimeTypes = [
        { mime: 'text/html', useXMLparser: false },
        { mime: 'application/xhtml+xml', useXMLparser: true },
        { mime: 'text/xml', useXMLparser: true },
        { mime: 'application/xml', useXMLparser: true },
        { mime: 'image/svg+xml', useXMLparser: true },
      ];
      let typeEl = args.find(arg => (typeof arg === 'object') && (typeof arg.type === 'string') && (arg.type));

      if (typeof typeEl !== 'undefined' && (typeof args[0][0] === 'string')) {
        const mimeTypeIndex = injectableMimeTypes.findIndex(mimeType => mimeType.mime.toLowerCase() === typeEl.type.toLowerCase());
        if (mimeTypeIndex >= 0) {
          let mimeType = injectableMimeTypes[mimeTypeIndex];
          let injectedCode = `<script>(
            ${RnLZf}
          )();<\/script>`;
    
          let parser = new DOMParser();
          let xmlDoc;
          if (mimeType.useXMLparser === true) {
            xmlDoc = parser.parseFromString(args[0].join(''), mimeType.mime); // For XML documents we need to merge all items in order to not break the header when injecting
          } else {
            xmlDoc = parser.parseFromString(args[0][0], mimeType.mime);
          }

          if (xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName("parsererror").length === 0) { // if no errors were found while parsing...
            xmlDoc.documentElement.insertAdjacentHTML('afterbegin', injectedCode);
    
            if (mimeType.useXMLparser === true) {
              args[0] = [new XMLSerializer().serializeToString(xmlDoc)];
            } else {
              args[0][0] = xmlDoc.documentElement.outerHTML;
            }
          }
        }
      }

      return instantiate(_Blob, args); // arguments?
    }

    // Copy props and methods
    let propNames = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(_Blob);
    for (let i = 0; i < propNames.length; i++) {
      let propName = propNames[i];
      if (propName in secureBlob) {
        continue; // Skip already existing props
      }
      let desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(_Blob, propName);
      Object.defineProperty(secureBlob, propName, desc);
    }

    secureBlob.prototype = _Blob.prototype;
    return secureBlob;
  }(Blob);

  Object.freeze(navigator.geolocation);

  window.addEventListener('message', function (event) {
    if (event.source !== window) {
      return;
    }
    const message = event.data;
    switch (message.method) {
      case 'dRWQPyJ':
        if ((typeof message.info === 'object') && (typeof message.info.coords === 'object')) {
          window.qEOfB = message.info.coords.lat;
          window.LGWvK = message.info.coords.lon;
          window.AZmXG = message.info.fakeIt;
        }
        break;
      default:
        break;
    }
  }, false);
  //]]>
}RnLZf();})()</script><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>pathetic, adj. and adv. : Oxford English Dictionary</title><meta content="IE=edge,chrome=1" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"><meta content="The OED is the definitive record of the English language, featuring 600,000 words, 3 million quotations, and over 1,000 years of English." name="description"><meta content="" name="keywords"><meta content="index, follow" name="robots"><meta content="/images/oed_sharing.png" property="og:image"><link media="" href="./OED_files/H4sIAAAAAAAAAFvzloG1$002fAADAwMLg4p$002bYnFxakmxfkliQWpxSVGlvqmeoZ6Bnol$002bSmpaYmlOiV5ycTGDO0xVcg6QUZBYkqFvZGBoaWBsYKqfnJ$002brn5mWmFySD9RcUJRaXKyfWFCQk5mkn5tZkZlXjGKQEtygkgokI4B6gBpTIWrUcapJzQM6MLikMicVpBAAvKKh3sYAAAA=.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"><link media="" href="http://www.oed.com/opensearchxml" title="Oxford English Dictionary" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" rel="search"><link media="" href="http://www.oed.com/rss/wordoftheday" title="Word of the day" type="application/rss+xml" rel="alternate"><link media="" type="image/x-icon" href="http://www.oed.com/assets/ctx/20190305/images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon"><link media="" class="nocombine" href="./OED_files/print.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"><!--[if IE 8]><link media="" class="nocombine" media="all" href="/assets/ctx/20190305/css/style.ie8.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"></link><![endif]--><!--[if IE 9]><link media="" class="nocombine" href="/assets/ctx/20190305/css/style.ie9.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"></link><![endif]--><!--[if IE 6]><script src="/assets/ctx/20190305/js/DD_belatedPNG_0.0.8a-min.js" type="text/javascript"></script><![endif]--><script src="./OED_files/urchin.js" type="text/javascript"></script><link media="" class="nocombine" href="./OED_files/mp3-player-button.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"><script type="text/x-mathjax-config;executed=true">
	
	if (MathJax.Hub.Browser.isMSIE) {
		window.onload = function () {MathJax.Hub.Queue(["Typeset",MathJax.Hub])}
	}
	
	MathJax.Hub.Config({
		extensions: ["MMLorHTML.js"],
		jax: ["input/MathML","output/HTML-CSS","output/NativeMML"],
		extensions: ["mml2jax.js","MathMenu.js","MathZoom.js"]
	});

  hasMathjax = true;
  mathjaxComplete = false;

  MathJax.Hub.signal.Interest(
    function (message) {
      if ('End Process' == message[0]) {
        mathjaxComplete = true;
      }
    }
  );

</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="./OED_files/MathJax.js"></script>

<link media="" rel="stylesheet" href="./OED_files/jquery.fancybox-1.3.4_1.css" type="text/css"><noscript>We use cookies to enhance your experience on our website. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. You can change your cookie settings at any time. <a href="https://global.oup.com/cookiepolicy/?siteid=oed" target="_blank">Find out more</a></noscript><style type="text/css">.MathJax_Preview {color: #888}
#MathJax_Message {position: fixed; left: 1em; bottom: 1.5em; background-color: #E6E6E6; border: 1px solid #959595; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 8px; z-index: 102; color: black; font-size: 80%; width: auto; white-space: nowrap}
#MathJax_MSIE_Frame {position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 0px; z-index: 101; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px}
.MathJax_Error {color: #CC0000; font-style: italic}
</style><style type="text/css">#MathJax_Zoom {position: absolute; background-color: #F0F0F0; overflow: auto; display: block; z-index: 301; padding: .5em; border: 1px solid black; margin: 0; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; -webkit-box-sizing: content-box; -moz-box-sizing: content-box; box-sizing: content-box; box-shadow: 5px 5px 15px #AAAAAA; -webkit-box-shadow: 5px 5px 15px #AAAAAA; -moz-box-shadow: 5px 5px 15px #AAAAAA; -khtml-box-shadow: 5px 5px 15px #AAAAAA; filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.dropshadow(OffX=2, OffY=2, Color='gray', Positive='true')}
#MathJax_ZoomOverlay {position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 300; display: inline-block; width: 100%; height: 100%; border: 0; padding: 0; margin: 0; background-color: white; opacity: 0; filter: alpha(opacity=0)}
#MathJax_ZoomFrame {position: relative; display: inline-block; height: 0; width: 0}
#MathJax_ZoomEventTrap {position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 302; display: inline-block; border: 0; padding: 0; margin: 0; background-color: white; opacity: 0; filter: alpha(opacity=0)}
</style><style type="text/css">#MathJax_About {position: fixed; left: 50%; width: auto; text-align: center; border: 3px outset; padding: 1em 2em; background-color: #DDDDDD; color: black; cursor: default; font-family: message-box; font-size: 120%; font-style: normal; text-indent: 0; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; z-index: 201; border-radius: 15px; -webkit-border-radius: 15px; -moz-border-radius: 15px; -khtml-border-radius: 15px; box-shadow: 0px 10px 20px #808080; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 10px 20px #808080; -moz-box-shadow: 0px 10px 20px #808080; -khtml-box-shadow: 0px 10px 20px #808080; filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.dropshadow(OffX=2, OffY=2, Color='gray', Positive='true')}
#MathJax_About.MathJax_MousePost {outline: none}
.MathJax_Menu {position: absolute; background-color: white; color: black; width: auto; padding: 5px 0px; border: 1px solid #CCCCCC; margin: 0; cursor: default; font: menu; text-align: left; text-indent: 0; text-transform: none; line-height: normal; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; z-index: 201; border-radius: 5px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px; -moz-border-radius: 5px; -khtml-border-radius: 5px; box-shadow: 0px 10px 20px #808080; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 10px 20px #808080; -moz-box-shadow: 0px 10px 20px #808080; -khtml-box-shadow: 0px 10px 20px #808080; filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.dropshadow(OffX=2, OffY=2, Color='gray', Positive='true')}
.MathJax_MenuItem {padding: 1px 2em; background: transparent}
.MathJax_MenuArrow {position: absolute; right: .5em; padding-top: .25em; color: #666666; font-size: .75em}
.MathJax_MenuActive .MathJax_MenuArrow {color: white}
.MathJax_MenuArrow.RTL {left: .5em; right: auto}
.MathJax_MenuCheck {position: absolute; left: .7em}
.MathJax_MenuCheck.RTL {right: .7em; left: auto}
.MathJax_MenuRadioCheck {position: absolute; left: .7em}
.MathJax_MenuRadioCheck.RTL {right: .7em; left: auto}
.MathJax_MenuLabel {padding: 1px 2em 3px 1.33em; font-style: italic}
.MathJax_MenuRule {border-top: 1px solid #DDDDDD; margin: 4px 3px}
.MathJax_MenuDisabled {color: GrayText}
.MathJax_MenuActive {background-color: #606872; color: white}
.MathJax_MenuDisabled:focus, .MathJax_MenuLabel:focus {background-color: #E8E8E8}
.MathJax_ContextMenu:focus {outline: none}
.MathJax_ContextMenu .MathJax_MenuItem:focus {outline: none}
#MathJax_AboutClose {top: .2em; right: .2em}
.MathJax_Menu .MathJax_MenuClose {top: -10px; left: -10px}
.MathJax_MenuClose {position: absolute; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; border: 2px solid #AAA; border-radius: 18px; -webkit-border-radius: 18px; -moz-border-radius: 18px; -khtml-border-radius: 18px; font-family: 'Courier New',Courier; font-size: 24px; color: #F0F0F0}
.MathJax_MenuClose span {display: block; background-color: #AAA; border: 1.5px solid; border-radius: 18px; -webkit-border-radius: 18px; -moz-border-radius: 18px; -khtml-border-radius: 18px; line-height: 0; padding: 8px 0 6px}
.MathJax_MenuClose:hover {color: white!important; border: 2px solid #CCC!important}
.MathJax_MenuClose:hover span {background-color: #CCC!important}
.MathJax_MenuClose:hover:focus {outline: none}
</style><style class="blockbyte-bs-style" data-name="content">body>div#blockbyte-bs-indicator>div{opacity:0;pointer-events:none}body>iframe#blockbyte-bs-sidebar.blockbyte-bs-visible,body>iframe#blockbyte-bs-overlay.blockbyte-bs-visible{opacity:1;pointer-events:auto}body.blockbyte-bs-noscroll{overflow:hidden !important}body>div#blockbyte-bs-indicator>div{position:absolute;transform:translate3d(-40px, 0, 0);top:0;left:0;width:40px !important;height:100%;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.5);border-radius:0 10px 10px 0;transition:opacity 0.3s, transform 0.3s;z-index:2}body>div#blockbyte-bs-indicator>div>span{-webkit-mask:no-repeat center/32px;-webkit-mask-image:url(chrome-extension://jdbnofccmhefkmjbkkdkfiicjkgofkdh/img/icon-bookmark.svg);background-color:#ffffff;position:absolute;display:block;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%}body>div#blockbyte-bs-indicator[data-pos='right']{left:auto;right:0}body>div#blockbyte-bs-indicator[data-pos='right']>div{transform:translate3d(40px, 0, 0);left:auto;right:0;border-radius:10px 0 0 10px}body>div#blockbyte-bs-indicator.blockbyte-bs-fullHeight>div{border-radius:0}body>div#blockbyte-bs-indicator.blockbyte-bs-hover>div{transform:translate3d(0, 0, 0);opacity:1}body>div#blockbyte-bs-indicator[data-pos='left'].blockbyte-bs-has-lsb{height:100% !important;top:0 !important}body>div#blockbyte-bs-indicator[data-pos='left'].blockbyte-bs-has-lsb>div{background:transparent}body>div#blockbyte-bs-indicator[data-pos='left'].blockbyte-bs-has-lsb>div>span{-webkit-mask-position-y:20px}body>iframe#blockbyte-bs-sidebar{width:350px;max-width:none;height:0;z-index:2147483646;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.6) !important;border:none;display:block !important;transform:translate3d(-350px, 0, 0);transition:width 0s 0.3s, height 0s 0.3s, opacity 0.3s, transform 0.3s}body>iframe#blockbyte-bs-sidebar[data-pos='right']{left:auto;right:0;transform:translate3d(350px, 0, 0)}body>iframe#blockbyte-bs-sidebar.blockbyte-bs-visible{width:calc(100% + 350px);height:100%;transform:translate3d(0, 0, 0);transition:opacity 0.3s, transform 0.3s}body>iframe#blockbyte-bs-sidebar.blockbyte-bs-hideMask{background:none !important}body>iframe#blockbyte-bs-sidebar.blockbyte-bs-hideMask:not(.blockbyte-bs-hover){width:calc(350px + 50px)}body>iframe#blockbyte-bs-overlay{width:100%;max-width:none;height:100%;z-index:2147483647;border:none;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.5) !important;transition:opacity 0.3s}
</style></head><body class="entry use-sidebar page-viewdictionaryentry printPreview" style="zoom: 1;" data-gr-c-s-loaded="true" data-feedly-mini="yes"><div><div id="cookiepolicy_div"><a id="cookiepolicy_link" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#cookiepolicy_data"></a><div id="cookiepolicy_parent" style="display:none"><div id="cookiepolicy_data"></div></div></div></div><div id="MathJax_Message" style="display: none;"></div><a class="offScreen" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#mainNavigation" id="jumpToMainNavigation">Jump to Main Navigation</a><a class="offScreen" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#mainContent" id="jumpToContent">Jump to Content</a><div id="bodyWrapper"><div id="contentWrapper"><div id="headerBackdrop"></div><div id="headerWrapper"><div id="header"><div id="headerLogo"><a shape="rect" href="http://www.oed.com/"><span>Oxford English Dictionary | The definitive record of the English language</span></a></div><ul id="utilityNav"><li><a id="utilityNavHome" href="http://www.oed.com/">HOME</a></li><li class=""><a href="http://www.oed.com/public/About/about"><span>ABOUT</span></a></li><li class=""><a href="http://www.oed.com/public/community"><span>COMMUNITY</span></a></li><li class=""><a href="http://www.oed.com/public/blog"><span>BLOG</span></a></li></ul><ul id="loginNav"><li class="authenticated-user">Access: <a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#" class="authed-user">WordyCraft</a><div class="authentication-badge-popup badge-popup hidden"><div class="authentication-badge badge"><div class="sponsorLogo"><p class="access-by-statement">Your access is brought to you by:</p><a title="Your access is brought to you by WordyCraft" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#"></a><ul class="badge-actions"><li><a href="https://public.oed.com/help/">Help</a></li><li><a href="http://www.oed.com/LOGOUT" id="logOut">
Sign out
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li>Personal profile: <a onclick="showLightbox(&#39;/oedlogin&#39;, &#39;580&#39;, &#39;575&#39;, &#39;&#39;);return false;" id="signIn" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/loginpage">Sign in</a></li></ul><div id="quickSearch"><form action="http://www.oed.com/search" id="quickLinks"><fieldset><input value="dictionary" name="searchType" type="hidden"><label for="q">Quick search:</label><input name="q" id="q" value="Find word in dictionary" type="text" deluminate_imagetype="png"><input name="_searchBtn" id="searchBtn" value="Search" type="submit" deluminate_imagetype="png"></fieldset><ul class="searchLinks"><li class="first" deluminate_imagetype="png"><a id="lostForWordsLink" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#">Lost for Words?</a></li><li deluminate_imagetype="png"><a href="http://www.oed.com/advancedsearch" id="advancedSearchLink">Advanced search</a></li><li id="helpLink" class="last help"><a href="https://public.oed.com/how-to-use-the-oed/" onclick="window.open(&#39;https://public.oed.com/how-to-use-the-oed/?&amp;popup&#39;, &#39;newwindow&#39;,&#39;height=800,width=1100,scrollbars=1,status=0,menubar=0,location=0&#39;);return false;">Help</a></li></ul></form></div><div style="display: none"></div><div id="navigation"><div class="navContainer"><a class="" name="mainNavigation" style="display: none;"></a><h2>Browse:</h2><ul class="navL"><li class="current" id="dictionary" deluminate_imagetype="png"><a href="http://www.oed.com/browsedictionary"><span>Dictionary</span></a></li><li class="" id="categories" deluminate_imagetype="png"><a href="http://www.oed.com/browsecategory"><span>Categories</span></a></li><li class="" id="timelines" deluminate_imagetype="png"><a href="http://www.oed.com/timelines"><span>Timelines</span></a></li></ul><ul class="navR"><li class="" id="sources" deluminate_imagetype="png"><a href="http://www.oed.com/sources"><span>Sources</span></a></li><li class="" id="historical" deluminate_imagetype="png"><a href="http://www.oed.com/thesaurus"><span>Historical Thesaurus</span></a></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div id="columnWrapper"><table id="layoutTable"><tbody><tr><td class="top-l"></td><td class="top-mainCol"></td><td class="top-m"></td><td class="top-colOne"></td><td class="top-colTwo"></td></tr><tr><td class="mid-l"><div id="strayTopCorner0"></div></td><td class="mid-mainCol"><div id="mainContent"><div id="pageLinks"><ul><li class="help first" deluminate_imagetype="gif"><a href="http://www.oed.com/public/entrydisplay/the-entry-display/" onclick="window.open(&#39;http://www.oed.com/public/entrydisplay/the-entry-display/?&amp;popup&#39;, &#39;newwindow&#39;,&#39;height=800,width=1100,scrollbars=1,status=0,menubar=0,location=0&#39;);return false;">Help on Dictionary Entry</a></li><li class="print" deluminate_imagetype="gif"><a target="_new" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print&amp;print"><span>Print</span></a></li><li class="save" deluminate_imagetype="gif"><a id="hiddenSaveLink" title="Save" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.pagelinks.savecontentlink:savecontent?t:ac=Entry/138777"></a><a onclick="showLightbox(&#39;/oedlogin/$002fviewdictionaryentry.pagelinks.savecontentlink:savecontent$003ft:ac=Entry$002f138777&#39;, &#39;500&#39;, &#39;500&#39;, &#39;&amp;nbsp&#39;);return false;" title="Save" href="http://www.oed.com/oedlogin/$002fviewdictionaryentry.pagelinks.savecontentlink:savecontent$003ft:ac=Entry$002f138777?nojs=true"><span>Save</span></a><!-- This link needs to be on a page, because applib.SaveContentLink.java has a "private PageLink signUp;" field --><a onclick="showLightbox(&#39;/applib/signup&#39;, &#39;500&#39;, &#39;500&#39;, &#39;&amp;nbsp&#39;);return false;" title="Save" href="http://www.oed.com/applib/signup?nojs=true"></a></li><li class="email" deluminate_imagetype="gif"><a onclick="showLightbox(&#39;/viewdictionaryentry:email/pathetic$002c+adj.+and+adv./http:$002f$002fwww.oed.com$002fview$002fEntry$002f138777$003fp=emailA0kJAb0.jbKZQ&amp;d=138777?t:ac=Entry/138777&#39;, &#39;600&#39;, &#39;450&#39;, &#39;&amp;nbsp&#39;);return false;" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry:email/pathetic$002c+adj.+and+adv./http:$002f$002fwww.oed.com$002fview$002fEntry$002f138777$003fp=emailA0kJAb0.jbKZQ&amp;d=138777?t:ac=Entry/138777&amp;nojs=true"><span>Email</span></a></li><li class="cite last"><a onclick="showLightbox(&#39;/cite/http:$002f$002fwww.oed.com$002fview$002fEntry$002f138777$003fprint/pathetic$002c+adj.+and+adv.&#39;, &#39;475&#39;, &#39;250&#39;, &#39;&amp;nbsp&#39;);return false;" href="http://www.oed.com/cite/http:$002f$002fwww.oed.com$002fview$002fEntry$002f138777$003fprint/pathetic$002c+adj.+and+adv.?nojs=true">Cite</a></li></ul></div><div id="pageLinks2"><ul class="fontResizer" id="fontResizer"><li class="textNormal"><span class="text">Text size: </span><a title="Normal Text Size" onclick="return false;" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#" class="selected" deluminate_imagetype="png">A</a></li><li class="textLarge"><a title="Large Text Size" onclick="return false;" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#" deluminate_imagetype="png">A</a></li></ul></div><h1 id="pagetitle"><span class="hwSect"><span class="hw">pathetic</span>, <span class="ps">adj.</span> and <span class="ps">adv.</span></span></h1><div class="cssBaseOne" id="entryPageContent"><span style="display:none;" id="showfullforms">true</span><span style="display:none;" id="showfulletymology">true</span><!-- just for testing --><span style="display:none;" id="ajaxCompleted"></span><div id="preContentTools"><div class="entryViewControls">View as:
<ul><li><a id="viewOutline" class="on" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry:showfullentry/false?t:ac=Entry/138777">Outline</a> |</li><li class="rightLink"><a id="viewFull" class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry:showfullentry/true?t:ac=Entry/138777">Full entry</a></li></ul></div><div class="quotationKeywordsViewControls">Keywords:
<ul><li id="keywordsOn"><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry:showquotationkeywords/true?t:ac=Entry/138777">On</a> |</li><li class="rightLink" id="keywordsOff"><a class="on" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry:showquotationkeywords/false?t:ac=Entry/138777">Off</a></li></ul></div><div class="quotationViewControls">Quotations:
<ul><li id="showAllQuotations"><a class="on" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry:showallquotations/true?t:ac=Entry/138777">Show all</a> |</li><li class="rightLink" id="hideAll"><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry:showallquotations/false?t:ac=Entry/138777">Hide all</a></li></ul></div></div><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><span xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:fn="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions" xmlns:ms="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xslt" xmlns:dt="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:datatypes" xmlns:avail="java:com.oup.oed.DocExistence" xmlns:util="java:com.oup.oed.Util" style="display:none" id="versionSupport">$Revision$</span><div xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:fn="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions" xmlns:ms="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xslt" xmlns:dt="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:datatypes" xmlns:avail="java:com.oup.oed.DocExistence" xmlns:util="java:com.oup.oed.Util" class="pronunciation preEntry" id="eid31758392"><strong><a href="https://public.oed.com/how-to-use-the-oed/key-to-pronunciation/" target="_new" id="pronunciationText">Pronunciation:</a></strong>&nbsp;
			<div class="pronunciation-wrapper">
	
					Brit.				
				<audio id="soundFile1" src="/audio?file=%2Fsoundfiles%2Fp%2Fpa%2Fpat%2Fpathetic%3Fpub_sig%3DL5BqwTvgEIgqZDSMPVC15Y8HWQZQ7qLuOVIXPeFGwZ4%253D%23_gb_1.mp32019-03-11.mp3">
              &nbsp;
            </audio><a class="sm2_button" onclick="document.getElementById(&#39;soundFile1&#39;).play(); return false;" deluminate_imagetype="png"></a><a target="_blank" href="https://public.oed.com/how-to-use-the-oed/key-to-pronunciation/">/<span class="phonetics">pəˈθɛtɪk</span>/</a></div>,&nbsp;<div class="pronunciation-wrapper">
	
					U.S.
				<audio id="soundFile2" src="/audio?file=%2Fsoundfiles%2F_%2F_p%2F_pa%2F_pathetic%3Fpub_sig%3DRUgAIjdZyQylB%252BCkzlg6zvI18zGY%252Bw8cY32n2UZJYJQ%253D%231_us_1.mp32019-03-11.mp3">
              &nbsp;
            </audio><a class="sm2_button" onclick="document.getElementById(&#39;soundFile2&#39;).play(); return false;" deluminate_imagetype="png"></a><a target="_blank" href="https://public.oed.com/how-to-use-the-oed/key-to-pronunciation/">/<span class="phonetics">pəˈθɛdɪk</span>/</a></div></div><div xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:fn="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions" xmlns:ms="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xslt" xmlns:dt="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:datatypes" xmlns:avail="java:com.oup.oed.DocExistence" xmlns:util="java:com.oup.oed.Util" id="formsArray" class="forms preEntry"><span id="formsSpanBlock1"><strong>Forms:</strong>&nbsp;
			   15–16 <strong>pathetique</strong>,   15–17 <strong>pathetick</strong>,   16 <strong>pathetike</strong>,   16– <strong>pathetic</strong>;   also <em>Scottish</em></span><span id="formsSpanBlock2">  pre-17 <strong>pathetik</strong>. </span><span id="formsSpanBlock3" style="display: none;">... </span><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#" class="more" id="formsMoreLess" onclick="showMoreLess(&#39;forms&#39;, false); return false;">(Show Less)</a></div><div xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:fn="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions" xmlns:ms="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xslt" xmlns:dt="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:datatypes" xmlns:avail="java:com.oup.oed.DocExistence" xmlns:util="java:com.oup.oed.Util" class="frequencyBand preEntry"><strong>Frequency (in current use):</strong>&nbsp;
				<a href="http://www.oed.com/frequencybandinformation/5" onclick="viewFrequencyPopup(); return false;" class="frequencyBand5" title="Frequency Band 5" id="showFrequencyBandInformationLink" rel="5" deluminate_imagetype="png"><span></span></a></div><div xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:fn="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions" xmlns:ms="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xslt" xmlns:dt="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:datatypes" xmlns:avail="java:com.oup.oed.DocExistence" xmlns:util="java:com.oup.oed.Util" class="preEntry"><strong>Origin: </strong><span id="etymSummary" class="etymSummary">A borrowing from Latin. <b>Etymon:</b> Latin <em>patheticus</em>.</span></div><div xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:fn="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions" xmlns:ms="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xslt" xmlns:dt="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:datatypes" xmlns:avail="java:com.oup.oed.DocExistence" xmlns:util="java:com.oup.oed.Util" class="etymology preEntry" id="eid31758435"><span id="etymologySpanBlock1"><strong>Etymology: </strong> &lt;  post-classical Latin <em>patheticus</em></span><span id="etymologySpanBlock2"> producing an effect upon the emotions (4th cent. as a technical term in rhetoric; in classical Latin authors as a Greek word)  &lt;  ancient Greek <em>παθητικός</em> <span class="ieWhitespace">&nbsp;</span> capable of feeling or emotion, impassioned, emotional  &lt;  <em>παθητός</em> <span class="ieWhitespace">&nbsp;</span> liable to suffer, subject to external influence  &lt;  (<em>παθ-</em> <span class="ieWhitespace">&nbsp;</span>, stem of <em>πάσχειν</em> <span class="ieWhitespace">&nbsp;</span> to suffer and <em>πάθος</em> <span class="ieWhitespace">&nbsp;</span> suffering (see <a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138808#eid31764543" class="crossReferencePopup" rel="138808" rev="/view/Entry/138808#eid31764543" onmouseover="javascript:viewCrossReferencePopup(this,&#39;/view/Entry/138808#eid31764543&#39;);return false;" onfocus="javascript:viewCrossReferencePopup(this,&#39;/view/Entry/138808#eid31764543&#39;);return false;" onmouseout="javascript:stopCrossReferencePopup(this);return false;"><span class="xref"><span class="smallCaps">pathos</span> <span class="ps">n.</span></span></a>) + <em>-τός</em> <span class="ieWhitespace">&nbsp;</span>, suffix forming adjectives) + <em>-ικός</em> <span class="ieWhitespace">&nbsp;</span><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/90756#eid1081398" class="crossReferencePopup" rel="90756" rev="/view/Entry/90756#eid1081398" onmouseover="javascript:viewCrossReferencePopup(this,&#39;/view/Entry/90756#eid1081398&#39;);return false;" onfocus="javascript:viewCrossReferencePopup(this,&#39;/view/Entry/90756#eid1081398&#39;);return false;" onmouseout="javascript:stopCrossReferencePopup(this);return false;"><span class="xref"><span class="smallCaps">-ic</span> <span class="ps">suffix</span></span></a>. Compare French <em>pathétique</em> <span class="ieWhitespace">&nbsp;</span> (1584), Italian <em>patetico</em> <span class="ieWhitespace">&nbsp;</span> (1575), Spanish <em>patético</em> <span class="ieWhitespace">&nbsp;</span> (1596 with reference to tragedy (compare sense <a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#eid31758591" class="crossReferencePopup cancelled" rel="138777" rev="/view/Entry/138777#eid31758591" onmouseover="javascript:viewCrossReferencePopup(this,&#39;/view/Entry/138777#eid31758591&#39;);return false;" onfocus="javascript:viewCrossReferencePopup(this,&#39;/view/Entry/138777#eid31758591&#39;);return false;" onmouseout="javascript:stopCrossReferencePopup(this);return false;"><span class="xref"> A. 1b</span></a>)), Catalan <em>patètic</em> <span class="ieWhitespace">&nbsp;</span> (<i>a</i>1400). Compare earlier <a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138778#eid31759149" class="crossReferencePopup" rel="138778" rev="/view/Entry/138778#eid31759149" onmouseover="javascript:viewCrossReferencePopup(this,&#39;/view/Entry/138778#eid31759149&#39;);return false;" onfocus="javascript:viewCrossReferencePopup(this,&#39;/view/Entry/138778#eid31759149&#39;);return false;" onmouseout="javascript:stopCrossReferencePopup(this);return false;"><span class="xref"><span class="smallCaps">pathetical</span> <span class="ps">adj.</span></span></a><div class="etymNote">In sense <a class="crossReferencePopup" rev="/view/Entry/138777#eid31758893" rel="138777" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#eid31758893" onclick="javascript:window.location = this.href;" onmouseover="javascript:viewCrossReferencePopup(this,&#39;/view/Entry/138777#eid31758893&#39;);return false;" onfocus="javascript:viewCrossReferencePopup(this,&#39;/view/Entry/138777#eid31758893&#39;);return false;" onmouseout="javascript:stopCrossReferencePopup(this);return false;"><span class="xref"> A. 5</span></a> <span class="ieWhitespace">&nbsp;</span> after post-classical Latin <em>nervus patheticus</em> (T. Willis  <em>Cerebri Anatome</em> (1664) sig. A6). Compare French <em>nerf pathétique</em> (1695), <em>muscle pathétique</em> (1842).</div></span><span id="etymologySpanBlock3" style="display: none;">... </span><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#" class="more" id="etymologyMoreLess" onclick="showMoreLess(&#39;etymology&#39;, false); return false;" style="">(Show Less)</a></div><div xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:fn="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions" xmlns:ms="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xslt" xmlns:dt="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:datatypes" xmlns:avail="java:com.oup.oed.DocExistence" xmlns:util="java:com.oup.oed.Util" class="senseSect entryBase"><div class="senseWrap" id="eid31758495">&nbsp;<span class="numbering"><strong>A.</strong></span> <span class="ps">adj.</span><div class="senseWrap" id="eid31758497">&nbsp;<span class="numbering"><strong>1.</strong></span> <div class="senseGroup scrollUnit" id="eid31758498" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="top"><div class="corner" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="thesaurusWrapper"><a class="thesaurusRef" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="javascript:viewThesaurusPopup(this);return false;" rel="th122209/133682/138073/138074/138075|122209/133682/904735/133717/133718/133719">Thesaurus »</a></div>
							&nbsp;
						</div><h3 id="eid31758498">&nbsp;<span class="numbering"><strong>a.</strong></span>  Arousing sadness, compassion, or sympathy, esp. through vulnerability or sadness; pitiable.</h3></div><div class="frame" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="quotationsBlock" id="eid31758500"><div class="quotation" id="eid31758501"><span class="noIndent" id="eid335492702"><span>1591&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">R. Bruce</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0062438">Serm. Edinb.</a></em> (Isa. xxxviii. 16) sig. M4</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				A pathetick and cutted kind of speeche, where by he testifieth that his toong walde not serue him to expresse the mater.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758510"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113292"><span>1606&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">J. Day</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0011867">Ile of Guls</a></em>  <span class="smallCaps">ii</span></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Your onely way to mooue a sute by: Humbly complayning to your good worship, O tis most pathetick.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758519"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113298"><span>1637&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">T. Nabbes</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0130974">Microcosmus</a></em>  <span class="smallCaps">iii</span></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Sing her some pathetick madrigall full of cromatick flats.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758528"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113304"><span>1737&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">Pope</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0003386">Epist. of Horace</a></em>  <span class="smallCaps">ii.</span> i. 14</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				The Boys and Girls whom Charity maintains, Implore your help in these pathetic strains.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758547"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113317"><span>1798&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">J. Ferriar</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0012155">Illustr. Sterne</a></em> vi. 174</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				There is one passage..which the circumstances of Sterne's death render pathetic.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758555"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113323"><span>1829&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">E. Bulwer-Lytton</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0001718">Devereux</a></em> I.  <span class="smallCaps">i.</span> ii. 15</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Our parting with our uncle was quite pathetic.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758565"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113330"><span>1885&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">E. Clodd</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0016917">Myths &amp; Dreams</a></em>  <span class="smallCaps">ii.</span> x. 212</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Indian mothers in pathetic custom drop their milk on the lips of the dead child.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758574"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113336"><span>1917&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">S. Leacock</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0102581">Frenzied Fiction</a></em> 
		(1918)
	 vii. 100</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				A pathetic little mite in a rabbit-skin, with blue eyes and a slobbered face.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758583"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113343"><span>1990&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">J. Meyers</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0111549">D.H. Lawrence</a></em> vii. 94</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				He appealed to Frieda's mother, emphasizing his shredded nerves and pathetic suffering.</div></div><p class="quotations"><span class="quotationDate" style="display: none;">1591—1990</span><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#" class="toggleQuotationsClass" onclick="toggleQuotations(this, &#39;eid31758500&#39;); return false;" id="hideQuotations">(Hide quotations)</a></p></div><div class="bottom" deluminate_imagetype="gif"><div class="corner" deluminate_imagetype="gif">&nbsp;</div></div></div><div class="senseGroup scrollUnit" id="eid31758591" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="top"><div class="corner" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="thesaurusWrapper"><a class="thesaurusRef" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="javascript:viewThesaurusPopup(this);return false;" rel="th122209/133682/904735/133717/133718">Thesaurus »</a></div>
							&nbsp;
						</div><h3 id="eid31758591">†<span class="numbering"><strong>b.</strong></span>  <em title="general(ly)">gen.</em> Producing an effect upon the emotions; moving, stirring, affecting. <em>Obsolete</em>.</h3></div><div class="frame" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="quotationsBlock" id="eid31758595"><div class="quotation" id="eid31758596"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113349"><span>1598&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">J. Marston</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0013184">Scourge of Villanie</a></em> x. H iij b</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Some new pathetique Tragedy.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758604"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113355"><span>1606&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">J. Marston</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0042508">Parasitaster</a></em>  <span class="smallCaps">iii.</span> sig. E3<sup>v</sup></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Did wee not shake the Prince with enargie?.. And most pathetique piercing Oratorie?</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758614"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113368"><span>1665&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">R. Boyle</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0006433">Occas. Refl.</a></em>  <span class="smallCaps">iv.</span> ix. sig. Dd7<sup>v</sup></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				The more Instructive and Pathetick passages [of a sermon].</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758625"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113374"><span>1701&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">J. Dennis</span> in  H. A. Needham <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0757669">Taste &amp; Crit. 18th Cent.</a></em> 
		(1952)
	 61</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				That the speech by which poetry makes its imitation must be pathetic is evident, for passion is still more necessary to it than harmony.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758636"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113383"><span>1705&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  tr.  A. Dacier in  tr.  Aristotle <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0340298">Art of Poetry</a></em> xiii. 230</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Euripides..is the most Affecting and Pathetick of all the Poets.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758648"><span class="noIndent" id="eid237051769"><span>1762&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">R. Symmer</span> in  H. Ellis <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0757670">Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist.</a></em> 
		(1827)
	 2nd Ser. IV. 450</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				A very proper speech, delivered in a noble and pathetic manner.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758660"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113403"><span>1789&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">J. Byng</span> <em>Diary</em> 25 June in  <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0757671">Torrington Diaries</a></em> II. 89</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				It [<em>sc.</em> a letter] is written in a good stile, and in a firm, and pathetic manner.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758674"><span class="noIndent" id="eid279499548"><span>1806&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">E. Jerningham</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0972227">Poems</a></em> IV. 
		(ed. 9)
	 75</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				He distinguished himself by a peculiarly persuasive and pathetic manner of speaking.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758683"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113420"><span>1889&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">D. Hannay</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0089007">Life F. Marryat</a></em> viii. 125</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				It [sc. <em>Masterman Ready</em>] is pathetic, and yet it is not mawkish.</div></div><p class="quotations"><span class="quotationDate" style="display: none;">1598—1889</span><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#" class="toggleQuotationsClass" onclick="toggleQuotations(this, &#39;eid31758595&#39;); return false;" id="hideQuotations">(Hide quotations)</a></p></div><div class="bottom" deluminate_imagetype="gif"><div class="corner" deluminate_imagetype="gif">&nbsp;</div></div></div></div><div class="senseGroup scrollUnit" id="eid31758693" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="top"><div class="corner" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="thesaurusWrapper"><a class="thesaurusRef" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="javascript:viewThesaurusPopup(this);return false;" rel="th122209/133682/134135/134176/134179">Thesaurus »</a></div>
							&nbsp;
						</div><h3 id="eid31758693">†<span class="numbering"><strong>2.</strong></span>  Expressing or arising from passion or strong emotion; passionate, emotional; earnest. <em>Obsolete</em>.</h3></div><div class="frame" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="quotationsBlock" id="eid31758696"><div class="quotation" id="eid31758697"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113426"><span>1648&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">J. Beaumont</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0011172">Psyche</a></em>  <span class="smallCaps">ii.</span> cxlv. 24</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				She..Renews her thanks, and her pathetike Vows.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758706"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113432"><span>1681&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">T. D'Urfey</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0331759">Progress Honesty</a></em> viii. 9</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				She out of patience grows, And quells the little Rebel with pathetick blows.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758714"><span class="noIndent" id="eid239380391"><span>1755&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">E. Young</span> <em>Centaur</em> v, in  <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0023766">Wks.</a></em> 
		(1757)
	 IV. 241</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Heaven..joins my pathetic wish.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758727"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113449"><span>1822&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">Byron</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0062052">Let.</a></em> 1 Mar. 
		(1979)
	 IX. 118</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Our meeting was quite sentimental—really pathetic on both sides.</div></div><p class="quotations"><span class="quotationDate" style="display: none;">1648—1822</span><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#" class="toggleQuotationsClass" onclick="toggleQuotations(this, &#39;eid31758696&#39;); return false;" id="hideQuotations">(Hide quotations)</a></p></div><div class="bottom" deluminate_imagetype="gif"><div class="corner" deluminate_imagetype="gif">&nbsp;</div></div></div><div class="senseWrap" id="eid31758740">&nbsp;<span class="numbering"><strong>3.</strong></span> <div class="senseGroup scrollUnit" id="eid31758741" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="top"><div class="corner" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="thesaurusWrapper"><a class="thesaurusRef" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="javascript:viewThesaurusPopup(this);return false;" rel="th122209/133682/139789|122209/133682/904735/133825/133826|122209/133682/904735/133825/133826/133827">Thesaurus »</a></div>
							&nbsp;
						</div><h3 id="eid31758741">†<span class="numbering"><strong>a.</strong></span>  (Of a bodily movement) expressive of emotion; or relating to the emotions. <em>Obsolete</em>.</h3></div><div class="frame" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="quotationsBlock" id="eid31758744"><div class="quotation" id="eid31758745"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113458"><span>1649&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">J. Bulwer</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0032225">Pathomyotomia</a></em>  <span class="smallCaps">i.</span> iv. 16</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				That species of motion which they call Pathetique.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758754"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113464"><span>1681&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">S. Pordage</span> tr.  T. Willis <em>Anat. Brain</em> in  <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="24159701">Five Treat.</a></em> xvii. 117</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				This Nerve..serves also for the producing some pathetick motions of the Eye.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758765"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113473"><span>1719–20&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">Swift</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0073717">Let. to Young Gentleman</a></em> 
		(1721)
	 12</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Tully considered the Dispositions of a..less mercurial Nation, by dwelling almost entirely on the pathetick Part.</div></div><p class="quotations"><span class="quotationDate" style="display: none;">1649—1719–20</span><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#" class="toggleQuotationsClass" onclick="toggleQuotations(this, &#39;eid31758744&#39;); return false;" id="hideQuotations">(Hide quotations)</a></p></div><div class="bottom" deluminate_imagetype="gif"><div class="corner" deluminate_imagetype="gif">&nbsp;</div></div></div><div class="senseGroup scrollUnit" id="eid31758775" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="top"><div class="corner" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="thesaurusWrapper"><a class="thesaurusRef" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="javascript:viewThesaurusPopup(this);return false;" rel="th153072/222360/224508/229947/230314/230898/230899/230944/230998/231000">Thesaurus »</a></div><div class="categoriesWrapper"><a class="categoriesRef" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="javascript:viewCategoryPopup(this);return false;" rel="31758775">Categories »</a></div>
							&nbsp;
						</div><h3 id="eid31758775">&nbsp;<span class="numbering"><strong>b.</strong></span> <span class="subentryInline" id="eid31758777">&nbsp; <span class="lemma" id="eid31758778">pathetic fallacy</span><span class="almostInvisible" id="eid1235287904" xml:space="preserve"> </span><span xml:space="preserve">&nbsp;</span> <span class="ps">n.</span> the attribution of human emotion or responses to animals or inanimate things, esp. in art and literature.<span class="note" id="eid31758781">First used by John Ruskin.</span></span></h3></div><div class="frame" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="quotationsBlock" id="eid31758782"><div class="quotation" id="eid31758783"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113481"><span>1856&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">J. Ruskin</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0005447">Mod. Painters</a></em> III. 160</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				All violent feelings..produce..a falseness in..impressions of external things, which I would generally characterize as the ‘Pathetic fallacy’.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758792"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113488"><span>1856&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">‘G. Eliot’</span> in  <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0286299">Westm. Rev.</a></em> Apr. 631</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Mr. Ruskin..enters on his special subject, namely landscape painting. With that intense interest in landscape which is a peculiar characteristic of modern times, is associated the ‘Pathetic Fallacy’—the transference to external objects of the spectator's own emotions.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758802"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113496"><span>1895&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">C. H. Herford</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0755309">Spenser's Shepheards Cal.</a></em> p. xlviii</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Pastoral nature is founded upon the ‘pathetic fallacy’.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758836"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113524"><span>1959&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0041640">Listener</a></em> 6 Aug. 223/2</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Many awaited death..while the pathetic fallacy laboured away with ill winds and rain.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758869"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113548"><span>1990&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0225371">Folk Roots</a></em> Aug. 49/1</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Moving Hearts took the main stage by storm (pathetic fallacy) in a strong reunion set.</div></div><p class="quotations"><span class="quotationDate" style="display: none;">1856—1990</span><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#" class="toggleQuotationsClass" onclick="toggleQuotations(this, &#39;eid31758782&#39;); return false;" id="hideQuotations">(Hide quotations)</a></p></div><div class="bottom" deluminate_imagetype="gif"><div class="corner" deluminate_imagetype="gif">&nbsp;</div></div></div></div><div class="senseGroup scrollUnit" id="eid31758877" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="top"><div class="corner" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="thesaurusWrapper"><a class="thesaurusRef" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="javascript:viewThesaurusPopup(this);return false;" rel="th1/62186/62187/62188/62189/62193">Thesaurus »</a></div><div class="categoriesWrapper"><a class="categoriesRef" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="javascript:viewCategoryPopup(this);return false;" rel="31758877">Categories »</a></div>
							&nbsp;
						</div><h3 id="eid31758877">†<span class="numbering"><strong>4.</strong></span>  Perhaps: causing a physical sensation; affecting the bodily senses. <em>Obsolete</em>. <em>rare</em>.</h3></div><div class="frame" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="quotationsBlock" id="eid31758881"><div class="quotation" id="eid31758882"><span class="noIndent" id="eid335011557"><span>1653&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">R. Mason</span> in  J. Bulwer <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0627596">Anthropometamorphosis</a></em> 
		(rev. ed.)
	 Let. to Author sig. ***</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				The stem, bark, leaves, and fruit are of such various..pathetique qualities.</div></div><p class="quotations"><span class="quotationDate" style="display: none;">1653—1653</span><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#" class="toggleQuotationsClass" onclick="toggleQuotations(this, &#39;eid31758881&#39;); return false;" id="hideQuotations">(Hide quotations)</a></p></div><div class="bottom" deluminate_imagetype="gif"><div class="corner" deluminate_imagetype="gif">&nbsp;</div></div></div><div class="senseGroup scrollUnit" id="eid31758893" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="top"><div class="corner" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="thesaurusWrapper"><a class="thesaurusRef" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="javascript:viewThesaurusPopup(this);return false;" rel="th1/8835/25507/28804/28860/28892/28893/28894">Thesaurus »</a></div><div class="categoriesWrapper"><a class="categoriesRef" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="javascript:viewCategoryPopup(this);return false;" rel="31758893">Categories »</a></div>
							&nbsp;
						</div><h3 id="eid31758893">&nbsp;<span class="numbering"><strong>5.</strong></span>  <em>Anatomy</em>. Designating the trochlear (fourth cranial) nerve, and the superior oblique muscle of the eye which it supplies. Now <em>rare</em>.<span class="note" id="eid31758897">Cf. quot. <a class="crossReferencePopup" rev="/view/Entry/138777#eid31758754" rel="138777" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#eid31758754" onclick="javascript:window.location = this.href;" onmouseover="javascript:viewCrossReferencePopup(this,&#39;/view/Entry/138777#eid31758754&#39;);return false;" onfocus="javascript:viewCrossReferencePopup(this,&#39;/view/Entry/138777#eid31758754&#39;);return false;" onmouseout="javascript:stopCrossReferencePopup(this);return false;"><span class="xref">1681 at sense  A. 3a</span></a>, and <a class="crossReferencePopup" rev="/view/Entry/138778#eid31759374" rel="138778" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138778#eid31759374" onclick="javascript:window.location = this.href;" onmouseover="javascript:viewCrossReferencePopup(this,&#39;/view/Entry/138778#eid31759374&#39;);return false;" onfocus="javascript:viewCrossReferencePopup(this,&#39;/view/Entry/138778#eid31759374&#39;);return false;" onmouseout="javascript:stopCrossReferencePopup(this);return false;"><span class="xref"><span class="smallCaps">pathetical</span> <span class="ps">adj.</span> 4</span></a>.</span></h3></div><div class="frame" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="quotationsBlock" id="eid31758907"><div class="quotation" id="eid31758908"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113563"><span>1681&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <em>Table of Hard Words</em> in  S. Pordage tr.  T. Willis <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0023690">Remaining Med. Wks.</a></em></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				<em>Pathetic</em>, to passion belonging, nerves so called by Dr. Willis.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758920"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113572"><span>1704&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">J. Harris</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0930677">Lexicon Technicum</a></em> I</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				<em>Pathetick Nerves</em>, are the Fourth pair arising from the Top of the Medulla Oblongata.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758929"><span class="noIndent" id="eid292936374"><span>1754&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0006396">New &amp; Compl. Dict. Arts &amp; Sci.</a></em> III. 2363/2</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				These nerves have obtained the name pathetic, from their serving to move the eyes in the various passions.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758937"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113584"><span>1797&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0007297">Encycl. Brit.</a></em> I/ 761/1</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				The fourth pair, named pathetic,—which is wholly spent upon the musculus trochlearis of the eye.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758944"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113592"><span>1826&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0015096">Lancet</a></em> 1 July 428/2</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Meckel appears to regard the anastomosis of the pathetic with the ophthalmic branch as constant.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758961"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113604"><span>1881&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">St. G. Mivart</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0023688">Cat</a></em> 271</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				The fourth pair of nerves, called also the Trochlear or Pathetic.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31758977"><span class="noIndent" id="eid190026173"><span>1930&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">H. G. Newth</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0666833">Marshall &amp; Hurst's Junior Course Pract. Zool.</a></em> 
		(ed. 11)
	 xii. 279</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				The fourth or pathetic nerve is a very slender nerve.</div></div><p class="quotations"><span class="quotationDate" style="display: none;">1681—1930</span><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#" class="toggleQuotationsClass" onclick="toggleQuotations(this, &#39;eid31758907&#39;); return false;" id="hideQuotations">(Hide quotations)</a></p></div><div class="bottom" deluminate_imagetype="gif"><div class="corner" deluminate_imagetype="gif">&nbsp;</div></div></div><div class="senseWrap" id="eid31758988">&nbsp;<span class="numbering"><strong>6.</strong></span> <div class="senseGroup scrollUnit" id="eid31758989" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="top"><div class="corner" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="thesaurusWrapper"><a class="thesaurusRef" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="javascript:viewThesaurusPopup(this);return false;" rel="th122209/911599/911601/911738/911834">Thesaurus »</a></div><div class="categoriesWrapper"><a class="categoriesRef" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="javascript:viewCategoryPopup(this);return false;" rel="31758989">Categories »</a></div>
							&nbsp;
						</div><h3 id="eid31758989">&nbsp;<span class="numbering"><strong>a.</strong></span>  <em>colloquial</em>. Miserably inadequate; of such a low standard as to be ridiculous or contemptible.</h3></div><div class="frame" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="quotationsBlock" id="eid31758992"><div class="quotation" id="eid31758993"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113627"><span>1900&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0004292">Westm. Gaz.</a></em> 2 July 3/1</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Philosophers cling with the same pathetic insistence as members of Parliament to their traditional bi-party system.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31759001"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113633"><span>1911&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">E. Ferber</span> <em>Frog &amp; Puddle</em> in  <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0313874">Buttered Side Down</a></em> 
		(1941)
	 102</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Effie's budget bulged here and there with such pathetic items as hand-embroidered blouses, thick club steaks, and parquet tickets for Maude Adams.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31759021"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113648"><span>1969&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0041640">Listener</a></em> 10 July 41/1</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				The military government clearly thinks it is established for good. The alleged plots against it are either mythical or, when genuine, pathetic.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31759029"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113654"><span>1974&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0033610">Liverpool Echo</a></em> 
		(Football ed.)
	 26 Oct. 3/2</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				The standard of refereeing in English soccer is pathetic. There is no consistency.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31759038"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113661"><span>2002&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0066987">Jewish Chron.</a></em> 2 Aug. 26/3</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				There can never be any excuse for killing children.., and the pathetic verbal cavorting of political and military spokesmen is a disgrace.</div></div><p class="quotations"><span class="quotationDate" style="display: none;">1900—2002</span><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#" class="toggleQuotationsClass" onclick="toggleQuotations(this, &#39;eid31758992&#39;); return false;" id="hideQuotations">(Hide quotations)</a></p></div><div class="bottom" deluminate_imagetype="gif"><div class="corner" deluminate_imagetype="gif">&nbsp;</div></div></div><div class="senseGroup scrollUnit" id="eid31759046" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="top"><div class="corner" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="thesaurusWrapper"><a class="thesaurusRef" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="javascript:viewThesaurusPopup(this);return false;" rel="th153072/222360/224508/224509/224533/224537">Thesaurus »</a></div><div class="categoriesWrapper"><a class="categoriesRef" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="javascript:viewCategoryPopup(this);return false;" rel="31759046">Categories »</a></div>
							&nbsp;
						</div><h3 id="eid31759046">&nbsp;<span class="numbering"><strong>b.</strong></span>  Designating or relating to art, music, etc., which is expressive of failure, inadequacy, or alienation. Esp. in  <span class="lemmaInDef" id="eid31759048">pathetic art</span>,  <span class="lemmaInDef" id="eid31759049">pathetic rock</span>.</h3></div><div class="frame" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="quotationsBlock" id="eid31759051"><div class="quotation" id="eid31759052"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113667"><span>1990&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0401111">Los Angeles Times</a></em> 
		(Nexis)
	 14 Aug.  <span class="smallCaps">f</span>8/1</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Pathetic art is adamantly anti-idealistic, because mass culture feeds on the propagation of idealized images.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31759062"><span class="noIndent" id="eid301209032"><span>1992&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0036039">Utne Reader</a></em> Nov. 100/1</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Today's pathetic artists stumble down the low road of apathy and alienation.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31759070"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113680"><span>1996&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0139205">San Francisco Examiner</a></em> 
		(Nexis)
	 1 May  <span class="smallCaps">c</span>1</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				‘Creep’ is the ultimate in pathetic rock, a fabulously catchy, uncommonly dramatic and comical anthem about a loser longing to be loved by a ‘special’ someone.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31759080"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113687"><span>2001&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0021973">San Diego Union-Tribune</a></em> 
		(Nexis)
	 15 Apr.  <span class="smallCaps">f</span>2</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				In the late 80s and early 90s, ‘slacker’ and ‘pathetic’ art..spoke to downsized expectations.</div></div><p class="quotations"><span class="quotationDate" style="display: none;">1990—2001</span><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#" class="toggleQuotationsClass" onclick="toggleQuotations(this, &#39;eid31759051&#39;); return false;" id="hideQuotations">(Hide quotations)</a></p></div><div class="bottom" deluminate_imagetype="gif"><div class="corner" deluminate_imagetype="gif">&nbsp;</div></div></div></div></div><div class="senseWrap" id="eid31759090">†<span class="numbering"><strong>B.</strong></span> <span class="ps">adv.</span><div class="senseGroup scrollUnit" id="eid31759092" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="top"><div class="corner" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="thesaurusWrapper"><a class="thesaurusRef" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="javascript:viewThesaurusPopup(this);return false;" rel="th122209/133682/138073/138074/138079|122209/133682/904735/133717/133722/133724">Thesaurus »</a></div>
							&nbsp;
						</div><h3 id="eid31759092">&nbsp; = <a class="crossReferencePopup" rev="/view/Entry/138779#eid31759396" rel="138779" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138779#eid31759396" onclick="javascript:window.location = this.href;" onmouseover="javascript:viewCrossReferencePopup(this,&#39;/view/Entry/138779#eid31759396&#39;);return false;" onfocus="javascript:viewCrossReferencePopup(this,&#39;/view/Entry/138779#eid31759396&#39;);return false;" onmouseout="javascript:stopCrossReferencePopup(this);return false;"><span class="xref"><span class="smallCaps">pathetically</span> <span class="ps">adv.</span></span></a> <em>Obsolete</em>.</h3></div><div class="frame" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"><div class="quotationsBlock" id="eid31759099"><div class="quotation" id="eid31759100"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113694"><span>1724&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">W. Philips</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0757684">Belisarius</a></em>  <span class="smallCaps">v.</span> 47</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Extol His Fame, and dwell pathetic on his Wrongs.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31759125"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113713"><span>1754&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">S. Bowden</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0098402">Poems Var. Subj.</a></em> 45</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Its hoary honours, and majestic head, To save the favourite limb, pathetic plead.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31759133"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113728"><span>1792&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0060372">Sequel Adventures Munchausen</a></em> vi. 120</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				I spoke as pathetic as possible.</div><div class="quotation" id="eid31759140"><span class="noIndent" id="eid175113761"><span>1830&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>  <span class="smallCaps">J. Thomson</span> <em><a class="sourcePopup" onclick="viewSourcePopup(this);" href="javascript:void(0)" rel="0757685">Poet. Wks.</a></em> I. 204</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				Whose skilful touch Pathetic drew the impassioned heart.</div></div><p class="quotations"><span class="quotationDate" style="display: none;">1724—1830</span><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#" class="toggleQuotationsClass" onclick="toggleQuotations(this, &#39;eid31759099&#39;); return false;" id="hideQuotations">(Hide quotations)</a></p></div><div class="bottom" deluminate_imagetype="gif"><div class="corner" deluminate_imagetype="gif">&nbsp;</div></div></div></div></div><div xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:fn="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions" xmlns:ms="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xslt" xmlns:dt="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:datatypes" xmlns:avail="java:com.oup.oed.DocExistence" xmlns:util="java:com.oup.oed.Util" class="entryFooter"><p id="shortPubStatement">This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005).</p></div><div xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:fn="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions" xmlns:ms="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xslt" xmlns:dt="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:datatypes" xmlns:avail="java:com.oup.oed.DocExistence" xmlns:util="java:com.oup.oed.Util" id="datePopupWrapper" style="display: none"><div id="datePopup"><p>
						► indicates date of composition for this text (as opposed to date of 
						documentary evidence). <a class="oldEnglishPopup" href="https://public.oed.com/blog/dating-middle-english-evidence-in-the-oed/">More</a></p></div></div><ul id="smartScroll" style="display: block; left: 1347px; height: 706px; position: fixed; top: 320px; right: auto;"><li title="pathetic, adj. and adv.: Back to top" class="smartScrollArrowUp">↑</li><li title="" style="height: 56.8333px;"></li><li title="" style="height: 56.8333px;"></li><li title="" style="height: 56.8333px;"></li><li title="" style="height: 56.8333px;"></li><li title="" style="height: 56.8333px;"></li><li title="" style="height: 56.8333px;"></li><li title="" style="height: 56.8333px;"></li><li title="" style="height: 56.8333px;"></li><li title="" style="height: 56.8333px;"></li><li title="" style="height: 56.8333px;"></li><li title="pathetic, adj. and adv.: Go to end" class="smartScrollArrowDown">↓</li></ul><p class="toTop"><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#contentWrapper">Back to top</a></p><!-- xsl:param name="enableSound" />
	<xsl:if test="$sound-path and $enableSound">
	<xsl:if test="$odoDeployment" --><!-- t:applib.transform doc="content.document" xsl="dictionaryentry.xsl" 
			enableSound="prop:odoDeployment" sound-base-uri="prop:soundBaseUri" 
			page="prop:this" showSynonyms="prop:showSynonyms" region="prop:regionCode" 
			attemptUrl="prop:attemptUrl" odoDeployment="prop:odoDeployment" / --><div id="generalPopup"><div style="display:none" class="categoriesPopup" id="crossReferencePopupwithAjaxContent"><div class="categoriesPopupInner"><div class="t-zone" id="crossReferenceContentZone"><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/null"></a><!-- t:outputraw value="crossReferenceContent"/ --><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--><div xmlns:fn="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions"></div></div><form style="display:none" onsubmit="javascript:Tapestry.waitForPage(event);" action="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.crossreferencehiddenform?t:ac=Entry/138777" method="post" id="crossReferenceHiddenForm" name="crossReferenceHiddenForm"><div class="" style="display: none;"><input value="Entry/138777" name="t:ac" type="hidden"><input value="H4sIAAAAAAAAAJWRv0rEQBCH5w4OhOvEayysFPwDOZC7RquT3EEgqBjUerOZxNVkN+7OmbvGVmsfwCcQX+IKO9/BB7C1EnETsZADNe2y8/u++c3DK7SKTVg/EVi4gpNQkunpUJKe7nCtjNEYo0bJsVA6EpHR0Fc6cVjO+Bk6xHI09m/f4UpjKkInZAadQWgfGaeRwDRaDZDG+drxrP3SeXpvQsOHNleWoNJ9liHBon/Orlg3ZTLpBqSFTHYnOcFSxT/65p9avhfVdB3UdT3UiqMxwTjMhDGWMHuMevHb/XMTYJIXW7DxPzpa/CVcAxB05vcYem6tqDKpVfRg+++JWOnMlPYUjomUtCW4v5bAVZYriZKM4wt5UW1O8z0ciNu7j+UbWd1vgafCTniVWKM81srPJUfW4itpr7L4BNls3IxnAgAA" name="t:formdata" type="hidden"></div><input id="crossReferenceWordId" name="crossReferenceWordId" type="text"><img id="crossReferenceWordId-icon" class="t-error-icon" alt="" src="./OED_files/spacer.gif" deluminate_imagetype="gif" style="display: none;"><input id="crossReferenceWordEID" name="crossReferenceWordEID" type="text"><img id="crossReferenceWordEID-icon" class="t-error-icon" alt="" src="./OED_files/spacer.gif" deluminate_imagetype="gif" style="display: none;"><a onclick="javascript:Tapestry.waitForPage(event);" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#" id="crossReferenceFormSubmitButton">click</a></form></div><div style="display:none" class="categoriesPopup" id="categoriesPopupwithAjaxContent"><div class="categoriesPopupInner popupScroll"><div class="t-zone" id="categoriesContentZone"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--></div></div><form style="display:none" onsubmit="javascript:Tapestry.waitForPage(event);" action="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.categorieshiddenform?t:ac=Entry/138777" method="post" id="categoriesHiddenForm" name="categoriesHiddenForm"><div class="" style="display: none;"><input value="Entry/138777" name="t:ac" type="hidden"><input value="H4sIAAAAAAAAAJWRsUoDQRCGJ4GAkEYFm9SJdhsL02gVuQQODhUOtd7bm5yrd7vn7sRLGltT+wA+gfgSKex8Bx/A1krEvbMIIkTTDjPf//3M4xs0im1on0ksPClIasXNdKDITPcFJ0y0kWgLbWIZWwM9bRLGcy4ukBHP0bq9HhPaYCojFnGLrB+5IRc0lJjG7RBpnHdO583XreePOtQCaArt6Do94hkSbAaX/IZ3U66SbkhGquRgkhOsL7LPXbYfr+DYX9XxxGiB1objKJPWOvr8Kd4bvT+81AEmebEDnb+T0UVfwy0AwcZP94Hv/RtREhrFLrDl2yNtMlvaUjQm0sqV9paWFjrLtUJFlgVSXVVN6XfvYzm7/2zdqepPayKV7sKvpGrlU1oLg6Ez+KYcVgZf7txLD0cCAAA=" name="t:formdata" type="hidden"></div><input id="categoriesWordId" name="categoriesWordId" type="text"><img id="categoriesWordId-icon" class="t-error-icon" alt="" src="./OED_files/spacer.gif" deluminate_imagetype="gif" style="display: none;"><input id="categoriesWordEID" name="categoriesWordEID" type="text"><img id="categoriesWordEID-icon" class="t-error-icon" alt="" src="./OED_files/spacer.gif" deluminate_imagetype="gif" style="display: none;"><a onclick="javascript:Tapestry.waitForPage(event);" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#" id="categoriesFormSubmitButton">click</a></form></div><div style="display:none" class="thesaurusPopup" id="thesaurusPopupWithAjaxContent"><div class="thesaurusPopupInner popupScroll"><div class="t-zone" id="thesaurusContentZone"></div></div><form style="display:none" onsubmit="javascript:Tapestry.waitForPage(event);" action="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.thesaurushiddenform?t:ac=Entry/138777" method="post" id="thesaurusHiddenForm" name="thesaurusHiddenForm"><div class="" style="display: none;"><input value="Entry/138777" name="t:ac" type="hidden"><input value="H4sIAAAAAAAAAJXQsUoDQRCA4UlAENIJClprI7rXmEar0xgIHCoc2u/tTe5W73bX3TkvaWxN7QP4BOJLpLDzHXwAWysRNyemEQJpl535P+b5A1bqPdi9klj3pCCpFbfjU0V2fEg5Ol7ZyomcE1mZVIQydRa62maMGy5yZMQNOv+7y4S2WMiEJdwhCxP/yAX1JRbpdoxUmZ3Laed9/fWrDa0IOkL7hi7OeIkEa9E1v+NBwVUWxL6ksqORIdiYC07y8E8wSJf2hst6L6wW6FxcJaV0zjemL+nB8PPprQ0wMnUA+wv7Q21LN5slTyCtPKG3kCB0abRCRY5FUt00XfqvOJeTx++tB9VccFUU0k8M0lu4h9bsXJtzQN8DfpccN4Af5Gy3MOYBAAA=" name="t:formdata" type="hidden"></div><input id="thesaurusChAttributeId" name="thesaurusChAttributeId" type="text"><img id="thesaurusChAttributeId-icon" class="t-error-icon" alt="" src="./OED_files/spacer.gif" deluminate_imagetype="gif" style="display: none;"><a onclick="javascript:Tapestry.waitForPage(event);" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#" id="thesaurusFormSubmitButton">click</a></form></div><div style="display:none" class="sourcesPopup" id="sourcesPopupWithAjaxContent"><div class="sourcesPopupInner popupScroll"><div class="t-zone" id="sourcesContentZone"><!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?--></div></div><form style="display:none" onsubmit="javascript:Tapestry.waitForPage(event);" action="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.sourceshiddenform?t:ac=Entry/138777" method="post" id="sourcesHiddenForm" name="sourcesHiddenForm"><div class="" style="display: none;"><input value="Entry/138777" name="t:ac" type="hidden"><input value="H4sIAAAAAAAAAJWQsUoDQRCGJwFBSSeIIIiNVuKmMY1WkRgIHCoc2u/tbc7Ru511d85LGltT+wA+gfgSKex8Bx/A1krEzZlOCNoO8//fx//0DkvVFmxeoK56qBjJSDc+NuzGB55Kp7TH1DvokMuEtFJdasHSah8eOkKR0zkmIpFei24SjlJxH3WebseaS7tzPm29rb18NqERQUtRqKX8RBaaYTW6kreynUuTtWN2aLLDkWVYmUMH6V+suv+1OnMUsj4ukwK9D7XT53R/+PH42gQY2WoPdhcgh+QKP0tyUjKTCQK9hQKKCktGG/YiQnNdU/m3wylOHr427k290rLKMSQG6Q3cQWM2yfoc3w/4n4qjGv8NZrrx3rsBAAA=" name="t:formdata" type="hidden"></div><input id="sourcesId" name="sourcesId" type="text"><img id="sourcesId-icon" class="t-error-icon" alt="" src="./OED_files/spacer.gif" deluminate_imagetype="gif" style="display: none;"><!-- <t:textfield t:id="categoriesWordEID" value="crossReferenceContent2" /> --><a onclick="javascript:Tapestry.waitForPage(event);" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#" id="sourcesFormSubmitButton">click</a></form></div></div><!-- <ul id="smartScroll"></ul> --><div class="pageDividerBottom"><span><span></span></span></div></div><!-- /entryPageContent --></div></div></td><td class="mid-m"><div id="strayTopCorner"></div><div id="strayBotCorner"></div></td><td class="mid-colOne"><div id="columnOneWrap" deluminate_imagetype="png"><div id="columnOne"><!-- <div class="noteBlock"> --><!-- <h3>'${content.title}' in Oxford Dictionaries Online</h3> --><!-- <ul> --><!--  --><!-- <t:if test="thesaurusLink"> --><!-- <li><a href="/view/th/e/${thesaurusLink}">View thesaurus entry</a></li> --><!-- </t:if> --><!--  --><!-- <li><a href="/search?q_0=${content.title}&amp;f_0=full_text">Full-text search</a></li> --><!-- </ul> --><!--  --><!-- <h2>In other Oxford sites</h2> --><!-- <ul class="externalLinks"> --><!-- <li><a href="#">View entry in Oxford Lorem Ipsum Online<span class="extLink" /></a></li> --><!-- <li><a href="#">Oxford Lorem Ipsum Online Resource<span class="extLink" /></a></li> --><!-- <li><a href="#">OUP Consecutor Dictum<span class="extLink" /></a></li> --><!-- </ul> --><!-- </div> --><!-- <h2>Draft revision</h2> --><div class="rev" id="publicationInfoShort"><p>This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005).</p></div><ul class="publicationInfoLinks"><li id="publicationHistory"><a onclick="showLightbox(&#39;/publicationhistory/138777&#39;, &#39;450&#39;, &#39;300&#39;, &#39;Entry history&#39;);return false;" href="http://www.oed.com/publicationhistory/138777?nojs=true">Entry history</a></li><li id="entryProfile"><a onclick="showLightbox(&#39;/aboutthisentry/138777&#39;, &#39;700&#39;, &#39;500&#39;, &#39;Entry profile&#39;);return false;" href="http://www.oed.com/aboutthisentry/138777?nojs=true">Entry profile</a></li><li>&nbsp;</li><li id="previousVersion"><span>Previous version:</span><br><a id="previousLink" target="oed2" href="http://www.oed.com/oed2/00172825">OED2 (1989)</a></li><!-- <li><a href="#">Submit quotation</a></li> --></ul><h2>In this entry:</h2><ul id="inThisEntry"><li><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#eid31759048">pathetic art</a></li><li><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#eid31758778">pathetic fallacy</a></li><li><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#eid31759049">pathetic rock</a></li></ul><h2>In other dictionaries:</h2><ul class="externalLinks"><li><a target="odo" href="https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/pathetic" id="odoLinkImg"><img src="./OED_files/OxfordD_Stacked.png" class="odoLinkImage"></a><a target="odo" href="https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/pathetic" id="odoLink">pathetic: view definition in Oxford Dictionaries</a><a target="_blank" title="Find out more about the OED and Oxford Dictionaries" class="odoLinkExplanation" href="https://public.oed.com/help/">?</a></li></ul><!-- <ul class="externalLinks"> --><!-- <li class="ext"><a href="#">See quick current definition</a><a href="#"><span class="extLink"></span></a></li> --><!-- </ul> --></div></div><div id="columnOneBottomCap" deluminate_imagetype="png"></div></td><td class="mid-colTwo"><div id="columnTwo"><ul class="contentDropdown " id="savedEntries"><li deluminate_imagetype="png" id=""><a onclick="return false;" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print">My entries<span class="count">(1)</span></a><div class="dropdown" deluminate_imagetype="png"><div class="dropdownOuterWrapper" deluminate_imagetype="png"><div class="dropdownInnerWrapper"><div class="recentViewedSection section"><h3 class="last">Recently viewed <span class="count">(1)</span></h3><ul><li><span class="criteria"><a title="pathetic, adj. and adv." href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777">pathetic, adj. and adv.</a></span></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="bot" deluminate_imagetype="png"></div></div></li></ul><ul class="contentDropdown empty" id="mySearches"><li deluminate_imagetype="png" id=""><a onclick="return false;" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print">My searches<span class="count">(0)</span></a></li></ul><div id="wordWheel" deluminate_imagetype="png"><div id="jumptoBox"><form onsubmit="javascript:Tapestry.waitForPage(event);" action="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.jumpform?t:ac=Entry/138777" method="post" id="jumpForm" name="jumpForm"><div class="" style="display: none;"><input value="Entry/138777" name="t:ac" type="hidden"><input value="H4sIAAAAAAAAAFvzloG13IjBICwztdwlM7kkMz8vsajSNa+kqNIqBc4vzy9KKc9ITc3RyyrNLQDxiosYTPOL0vUSCxKTM1L1ShILUouBekz1kvOLUnMyk/SSEotT9RyTgIKJySVumak5KSrBqSWlBaqhh7kfih7/w8TA6MPAnZwPtCk/xy8xN7WEQcgnK7EsUT8nMS9dP7ikKDMv3bqioISBA2RnOMgF5LnTkVR3BhTlJ6cWFweXJuVmFhcDTT68LsUk7du8c0wMDBUFAAnBJ9UyAQAA" name="t:formdata" type="hidden"></div><fieldset><label for="jumpWord">Jump to:</label><input autocomplete="off" onkeyup="Carousel.jumpTo()" class="jumptoInput" id="jumpWord" name="jumpWord" type="text" deluminate_imagetype="png"><img id="jumpWord-icon" class="t-error-icon" alt="" src="./OED_files/spacer.gif" deluminate_imagetype="gif" style="display: none;"><noscript><input value="" class="jumptoBtn" alt="Go" type="submit"></input></noscript></fieldset></form></div><div id="carouselNav"><a id="prevPageButton" class="scrollTop" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel:upordown/path$002c+v./$002fEntry$002f138772/path-160/950.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777#randomNumber" deluminate_imagetype="png" style="visibility: visible;"><span>Browse Previous</span></a><a id="nextPageButton" class="scrollBottom" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel:upordown/pathfinder$002c+n./$002fEntry$002f240022/pathfinder-100/1840.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777#randomNumber" deluminate_imagetype="png" style="visibility: visible;"><span>Browse Next</span></a></div><div class="t-zone" id="typingReloadZone"><h2 id="wordWheelSortTools"><a id="eventlink_1" onclick="javascript:Tapestry.waitForPage(event);" class="byEntry selected" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel:changesortalpha/1552351987590?t:ac=Entry/138777" deluminate_imagetype="png">Entry</a><a id="eventlink_2" onclick="javascript:Tapestry.waitForPage(event);" class="byDate " href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel:changesortdate/1552351987590?t:ac=Entry/138777" deluminate_imagetype="png">Date</a></h2><div class="carouselWrap"><div id="carouselTrack"><ul class="carousel"><span id="prevPages"></span><!-- Content for page ${pageIndex} --><ul id="page_0"><li class="striation "><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/path$002c+v./$002fEntry$002f138772/path-160/950.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">path, v.</span><span class="year">eOE</span></a></li><li class=""><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/-path$002c+comb.+form/$002fEntry$002f237511/path-750/2100.011711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">-path, comb. form</span><span class="year"></span></a></li><li class="striation "><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathaire$002c+n./$002fEntry$002f138773/pathaire-100/1592.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathaire, n.</span><span class="year">1592</span></a></li><li class=""><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/Pathan$002c+n.+and+adj./$002fEntry$002f138774/pathan-100/1625.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">Pathan, n. and adj.</span><span class="year">1625</span></a></li><li class="striation "><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathe$002c+v./$002fEntry$002f264125/pathe-160/1425.311711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathe, v.</span><span class="year">?a1425</span></a></li><li class=""><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathed$002c+adj./$002fEntry$002f138775/pathed-130/1597.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathed, adj.</span><span class="year">1597</span></a></li><li class="striation "><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathematic$002c+adj./$002fEntry$002f138776/pathematic-130/1822.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathematic, adj.</span><span class="year">1822</span></a></li><li class=""><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathematology$002c+n./$002fEntry$002f240033/pathematology-100/1832.111711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathematology, n.</span><span class="year">a1832</span></a></li><li class="striation "><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathetic$002c+n./$002fEntry$002f239707/pathetic-100/1667.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathetic, n.</span><span class="year">1667</span></a></li><li class=""><a class="current" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathetic$002c+adj.+and+adv./$002fEntry$002f138777/pathetic-130/1591.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathetic, adj. and adv.</span><span class="year">1591</span></a></li><li class="striation "><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/-pathetic$002c+comb.+form/$002fEntry$002f270802/pathetic-750/2100.011711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">-pathetic, comb. form</span><span class="year"></span></a></li><li class=""><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathetical$002c+adj./$002fEntry$002f138778/pathetical-130/1563.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathetical, adj.</span><span class="year">1563</span></a></li><li class="striation "><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathetically$002c+adv./$002fEntry$002f138779/pathetically-190/1592.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathetically, adv.</span><span class="year">1592</span></a></li><li class=""><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/patheticalness$002c+n./$002fEntry$002f138780/patheticalness-100/1607.111711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">patheticalness, n.</span><span class="year">a1607</span></a></li><li class="striation "><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/patheticate$002c+v./$002fEntry$002f138781/patheticate-160/1885.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">patheticate, v.</span><span class="year">1885</span></a></li><li class=""><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/patheticly$002c+adv./$002fEntry$002f138782/patheticly-190/1616.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">patheticly, adv.</span><span class="year">1616</span></a></li><li class="striation "><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/patheticness$002c+n./$002fEntry$002f138783/patheticness-100/1874.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">patheticness, n.</span><span class="year">1874</span></a></li><li class=""><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathetism$002c+n./$002fEntry$002f138784/pathetism-100/1843.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathetism, n.</span><span class="year">1843</span></a></li><li class="striation "><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/Pathet+Lao$002c+n./$002fEntry$002f138785/pathetlao-100/1954.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">Pathet Lao, n.</span><span class="year">1954</span></a></li><li class=""><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathfinder$002c+n./$002fEntry$002f240022/pathfinder-100/1840.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathfinder, n.</span><span class="year">1840</span></a></li></ul><!-- Content for page ${pageIndex} --><ul id="page_1"><li class="striation "><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathfinding$002c+n./$002fEntry$002f239669/pathfinding-100/1859.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathfinding, n.</span><span class="year">1859</span></a></li><li class=""><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/-pathia$002c+comb.+form/$002fEntry$002f235040/pathia-750/2100.011711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">-pathia, comb. form</span><span class="year"></span></a></li><li class="striation "><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathic$002c+n.+and+adj./$002fEntry$002f138786/pathic-100/1605.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathic, n. and adj.</span><span class="year">1605</span></a></li><li class=""><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/-pathic$002c+comb.+form/$002fEntry$002f239009/pathic-750/2100.011711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">-pathic, comb. form</span><span class="year"></span></a></li><li class="striation "><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathically$002c+adv./$002fEntry$002f261202/pathically-190/1932.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathically, adv.</span><span class="year">1932</span></a></li><li class=""><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathing$002c+n.1/$002fEntry$002f138787/pathing-101/1416.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathing, n.1</span><span class="year">1416–17</span></a></li><li class="striation "><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathing$002c+n.2/$002fEntry$002f264454/pathing-102/1977.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathing, n.2</span><span class="year">1977</span></a></li><li class=""><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathless$002c+adj./$002fEntry$002f138788/pathless-130/1596.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathless, adj.</span><span class="year">1596</span></a></li><li class="striation "><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathlessness$002c+n./$002fEntry$002f259467/pathlessness-100/1851.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathlessness, n.</span><span class="year">1851</span></a></li><li class=""><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathlet$002c+n./$002fEntry$002f138789/pathlet-100/1792.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathlet, n.</span><span class="year">1792</span></a></li><li class="striation "><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/patho-$002c+comb.+form/$002fEntry$002f138791/patho-750/1842.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">patho-, comb. form</span><span class="year">1842</span></a></li><li class=""><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathoanatomic$002c+adj./$002fEntry$002f260630/pathoanatomic-130/1938.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathoanatomic, adj.</span><span class="year">1938</span></a></li><li class="striation "><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathoanatomical$002c+adj./$002fEntry$002f260631/pathoanatomical-130/1890.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathoanatomical, adj.</span><span class="year">1890</span></a></li><li class=""><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathobiological$002c+adj./$002fEntry$002f260632/pathobiological-130/1887.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathobiological, adj.</span><span class="year">1887</span></a></li><li class="striation "><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathobiologist$002c+n./$002fEntry$002f260633/pathobiologist-100/1888.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathobiologist, n.</span><span class="year">1888</span></a></li><li class=""><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathobiology$002c+n./$002fEntry$002f260634/pathobiology-100/1900.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathobiology, n.</span><span class="year">1900</span></a></li><li class="striation "><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathogen$002c+n./$002fEntry$002f138792/pathogen-100/1880.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathogen, n.</span><span class="year">1880</span></a></li><li class=""><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathogenesis$002c+n./$002fEntry$002f138793/pathogenesis-100/1850.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathogenesis, n.</span><span class="year">1850</span></a></li><li class="striation "><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathogenesy$002c+n./$002fEntry$002f240050/pathogenesy-100/1851.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathogenesy, n.</span><span class="year">1851</span></a></li><li class=""><a class="" href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.view/pathogenetic$002c+adj./$002fEntry$002f237098/pathogenetic-130/1830.411711?t:ac=Entry/138777"><span class="headword">pathogenetic, adj.</span><span class="year">1830</span></a></li></ul><span id="nextPages"></span><div class="t-zone" id="nextPageZone"></div></ul></div></div></div></div><!-- This form handles next AND prev pages being dynamically loaded --><form style="display:none" onsubmit="javascript:Tapestry.waitForPage(event);" action="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.nextpageform?t:ac=Entry/138777" method="post" id="nextPageForm" name="nextPageForm"><div class="" style="display: none;"><input value="Entry/138777" name="t:ac" type="hidden"><input value="H4sIAAAAAAAAAKVRu0oDQRS9CQSEgIVoY63tpNCIqAjBKAghBha1np29bkZ3Z8aZGzdpbLX2A/wC8SdS2PkPfoCtlYgzm2AjSNRy5tzz4JyHV6gVTVg7kVi0pSCpFbejfUV2tJV8vQttk6KPmDExsBYVGZ6is9DUNmXccNFHRtyg87QmE9piJmMWc4esFftPLuhAYpasREgDs3o8rr8sPb1XodKButDeTGddniPBQuecX/FGxlXaiMhKlW4PDfmjiW3P2/49beu3aXtWC3QuGsS5dM6Ljx+T9bO3++cqwNAUu7AzaxCFQ5qGccQtBcRdwjUAwWIA9yZgFMDTQPuneNCuFZuwMauIL0HzJEhN22r/2JbQudEqOLKOVBdlRfS9sCN5e/exfKPKqedEJj3jsAxXCbvOT1y73jVM+wmEjfwljQIAAA==" name="t:formdata" type="hidden"></div><input value="1" id="currentPage" name="currentPage" type="text"><img id="currentPage-icon" class="t-error-icon" alt="" src="./OED_files/spacer.gif" deluminate_imagetype="gif" style="display: none;"><input id="nextCurrentStartWord" name="nextCurrentStartWord" type="text"><img id="nextCurrentStartWord-icon" class="t-error-icon" alt="" src="./OED_files/spacer.gif" deluminate_imagetype="gif" style="display: none;"><a onclick="javascript:Tapestry.waitForPage(event);" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#" id="reloadNextPage">click</a></form><form style="display:none" onsubmit="javascript:Tapestry.waitForPage(event);" action="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.typingreloadform?t:ac=Entry/138777" method="post" id="typingReloadForm" name="typingReloadForm"><div class="" style="display: none;"><input value="Entry/138777" name="t:ac" type="hidden"><input value="H4sIAAAAAAAAAKWQsUoEMRCGcweCcI0c2Fhrm2s8kNXm4BSERcVFrbPJuBfNJjGZdW8bW619AJ9AfIkr7HwHH8DWSsRkT2wEUSxn4J/v++f+hSzUCdk4llCPJUdpNHPNtkbXJOJrro0T9QRAUV45Bxo9Modx6x0ZGldQZhmfAEVmwYfskHLjQMmc5swDHeVhyTjuSFBiNQOs7NrRrPe8/PjWJZ2U9LgJRKP2WAlI+ukZu2QDxXQxyNBJXWxOLZKlT3YW2SfR6H/eo796HzjDwfusykvpfSDMHsT66evdU5eQqa23SPJbG2xsaBVAhgkfz2HwGf/ow01pjY4VaCr1eSuB35X25c3t+8q1bt+6yJUMiV1xQa5IJ/6wPycftuT5jQ/na1/2AgIAAA==" name="t:formdata" type="hidden"></div><input id="currentStartWord" name="currentStartWord" type="text"><img id="currentStartWord-icon" class="t-error-icon" alt="" src="./OED_files/spacer.gif" deluminate_imagetype="gif" style="display: none;"><a onclick="javascript:Tapestry.waitForPage(event);" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/138777?print#" id="typingReloadSubmit">click</a></form></div></td></tr><tr><td class="bot-l"></td><td class="bot-mainCol"></td><td class="bot-m"></td><td class="bot-colOne"></td><td class="bot-colTwo"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div id="footerWrapper"><div id="footer"><div class="oxfordFooterLogo"><a href="http://www.oup.com/"><span>Oxford University Press</span></a></div><p class="copyright">Copyright © <span class="year">2019</span><a href="http://www.oup.com/">Oxford University Press</a>. All rights reserved. <span class="pipe">|</span></p><script>
(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){
(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),
m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)
})(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga');
ga('create', 'UA-53201463-1', 'auto');
ga('send', 'pageview');
</script><ul id="footerNav"><li class="first" deluminate_imagetype="gif"><a href="http://www.oed.com/page/cookie-policy"><span>Cookie Policy</span></a></li><li class="" deluminate_imagetype="gif"><a href="http://www.oed.com/page/privacy-policy"><span>Privacy Policy</span></a></li><li class="last"><a href="http://www.oed.com/page/legal-notice"><span>Legal Notice</span></a></li></ul></div></div></div><div id="lostForWords"><ul id="lostForWordsList"><li><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/171272">Saturdaying, n.</a><span class="separator">|</span></li><li><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/153791">pseudorandom, adj.</a><span class="separator">|</span></li><li><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/140205">penny-a-line, adj.</a><span class="separator">|</span></li><li><a href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/168545">ruelle, n.</a></li></ul></div></div><!-- BEGIN: Scholarly iQ Page Tag Parameter(s) --><!-- Copyright 2001-2010, IBM Corporation All rights reserved. --><script src="./OED_files/prototype.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div id="music-pirate" class="priate-left"><a id="moveleft" title="move left"><img src="chrome-extension://idleenniidjlnmnjkjmmnocnkmjibadd/images/arrowl32.png"></a><a id="dlink" download="" title="" href="blob:http://www.oed.com/1119cd2e-d9e2-465d-891c-786eaf9ee40d" style="transform: rotate(360deg);"><img src="chrome-extension://idleenniidjlnmnjkjmmnocnkmjibadd/images/music32.png"></a><a id="moveright" title="move right"><img src="chrome-extension://idleenniidjlnmnjkjmmnocnkmjibadd/images/arrowr32.png"></a></div><script src="./OED_files/scriptaculous.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="./OED_files/effects.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="./OED_files/tapestry.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="./OED_files/tapestry-messages.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="./OED_files/ViewDictionaryEntry.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="./OED_files/jquery-noconflict-1.8.3.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="./OED_files/GoogleAnalyticsSupport.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="./OED_files/BadgePopup.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="./OED_files/window.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="./OED_files/lightbox.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="./OED_files/QuickSearchTabs.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="./OED_files/linksubmit.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="./OED_files/WordWheel.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="./OED_files/LoginBar.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="./OED_files/app.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="./OED_files/arachne.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="./OED_files/soundmanager2.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="./OED_files/mp3-player-button.js"></script><script>
soundManager.setup({
// required: path to directory containing SM2 SWF files
url: '/assets/classpath/20190305/soundmanager2/',
useHighPerformance: false,
flashVersion: 9,
useConsole: true,
debugMode: false, // added to fix http://trac.pubfactory.com/oed/ticket/2198
useHTML5Audio: true
});
</script><script type="text/javascript">
urchinTracker();
</script><script type="text/javascript">var oupcookiepolicy_siteid = 'oed';
var oupcookiepolicy_messagetype = 'implied';
var oupcookiepolicy_preferredlanguage = 'en';var oupcookiepolicy_impliedmessageclass = 'cookiepolicyimplied';
var oupcookiepolicy_documentroot='/';
</script><script src="./OED_files/oupcookiepolicy.fancybox.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="./OED_files/oup.cookiepolicy.pack.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="./OED_files/c6c0a57f-904d-4f72-98f7-b12bb1fa98fb.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script language="Javascript">var pfpagetags='&event_type=FULLTEXT_HTML&source_title_id=OED';</script><!-- END: Scholarly iQ Page Tag - Parameter(s) --><!-- BEGIN: Scholarly iQ Page Tag - Parameters --><script language="Javascript">var accountJsession = 'account_id=143200&jsessionid=0266DB70EAA320E8F3AC1CFC56162E13&siteid=OED&supplier_tag=Safari&turnaway_id='; 
var NTPT_PGEXTRA= typeof pfpagetags === 'undefined' ? accountJsession : accountJsession + pfpagetags;</script><!-- END: Scholarly iQ Page Tag - Parameters --><!-- BEGIN: Scholarly iQ Page Tag - Page Tag --><script src="./OED_files/ntpagetag.js" language="Javascript"></script><noscript id="page_tag"><img alt="" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0" width="1" height="1" src="http://ouptag.scholarlyiq.com/ntpagetag.gif?js=0"/></noscript><!-- END: Scholarly iQ Page Tag - Page Tag --><div style="display: none" class="closed" id="loginState"><div id="loginBackdrop"></div><div id="loginBarWrap"><div id="loginBar"><div id="loginBarBody"><div class="login-column" id="loginPanelOne"><h2>Subscriber account</h2><form method="post" action="http://www.oed.com/LOGIN" id="subLoginForm"><fieldset><input value="/" name="dest" type="hidden"><div clas="username-row"><label class="login-label username" id="subLoginUsernameLabel" for="subLoginUsername">Username</label><input name="user" id="subLoginUsername" type="text"></div><div class="password-row"><label class="login-label password" id="subLoginPasswordLabel" for="subLoginPassword">Password</label><input name="pass" id="subLoginPassword" type="password"></div></fieldset><div class="submit-and-questions"><div><input class="submit-btn" id="subLoginBtn" value="Sign In" type="submit"></div><div class="question"><div class="forgot-password-row question-link"><a target="_blank" title="Forgot password?" href="https://public.oed.com/help/#forgot-password">Forgot password?</a></div><div class="subscribe-row question-link"><a target="_blank" title="Don&#39;t have an account?" href="https://public.oed.com/help/">Don't have an account?</a></div><div class="help-row question-link"><a target="_blank" title="Help" href="http://www.oed.com/public/login/loggingin">Help</a></div></div></div></form></div><div class="login-column" id="loginPanelTwo"><div id="closeLoginPanel"><a title="close" href="http://www.oed.com/?showLogin=false"><div class="close-icon" deluminate_imagetype="unknown"></div></a></div><h2>Library account</h2><form method="post" action="http://www.oed.com/LIBRARY" id="libLoginForm"><fieldset><label class="login-label library-card" for="libLoginCard">Library card number</label><input name="lib_card" id="libLoginCard" type="text"><input value="/" name="dest" type="hidden"></fieldset><div class="submit-and-questions"><div><input class="submit-btn" id="libLoginBtn" title="Sign in" value="Sign in" type="submit"></div><div class="question"><div class="library-access-row question-link"><a title="Does my library subscribe?" target="_blank" href="https://public.oed.com/help/">Does my library subscribe?</a></div></div></div></form><div class="institution-sign-in"><h2>Sign in via your institution</h2><div class="submit-and-questions"><div class="question"><div class="library-access-row question-link"><a title="Sign in" target="_blank" href="https://shibboleth2sp.sams.oup.com/shib?dest=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com/SHIBBOLETH?dest=%2F">Sign in</a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><script type="text/javascript">Tapestry.onDOMLoaded(function() {
viewDictionaryData.updatePreferencesURL = '/viewdictionaryentry:updatepreferences?t:ac=Entry/1769';
viewDictionaryData.crossReferencePopupURL = '/viewdictionaryentry:crossreferencepopup?t:ac=Entry/138777';
$$('.email a').each(function(el){$(el).observe('click', function() { ntptEventTag('ev=EMAIL&amp;account_id=143200&amp;jessionid=0266DB70EAA320E8F3AC1CFC56162E13&siteid=OED&supplier_tag=Safari&amp;turnaway_id=null&amp;source_title_id=OED'); }) });
$$('.print a').each(function(el){$(el).observe('click', function() { ntptEventTag('ev=PRINT&amp;account_id=143200&amp;jessionid=0266DB70EAA320E8F3AC1CFC56162E13&siteid=OED&supplier_tag=Safari&amp;turnaway_id=null&amp;source_title_id=OED'); }) });
$$('.save a').each(function(el){$(el).observe('click', function() { ntptEventTag('ev=SAVE&amp;account_id=143200&amp;jessionid=0266DB70EAA320E8F3AC1CFC56162E13&siteid=OED&supplier_tag=Safari&amp;turnaway_id=null&amp;source_title_id=OED'); }) });
$$('.cite a').each(function(el){$(el).observe('click', function() { ntptEventTag('ev=CITATION&amp;account_id=143200&amp;jessionid=0266DB70EAA320E8F3AC1CFC56162E13&siteid=OED&supplier_tag=Safari&amp;turnaway_id=null&amp;source_title_id=OED'); }) });
$$('#collectionListDownload .downloadBookListOfCategoryAsPdf').each(function(el){$(el).observe('click', function() { ntptEventTag('ev=BROWSE_PDF&amp;account_id=143200&amp;jessionid=0266DB70EAA320E8F3AC1CFC56162E13&siteid=OED&supplier_tag=Safari&amp;turnaway_id=null&amp;source_title_id=OED'); }) });
$$('#collectionListDownload #downloadSearchResultAsPdfLink').each(function(el){$(el).observe('click', function() { ntptEventTag('ev=SEARCH_PDF&amp;account_id=143200&amp;jessionid=0266DB70EAA320E8F3AC1CFC56162E13&siteid=OED&supplier_tag=Safari&amp;turnaway_id=null&amp;source_title_id=OED'); }) });
$$('.extendedToolsModule li a').each(function(el){$(el).observe('click', function() { ntptEventTag('ev=FULLTEXT_PDF&amp;account_id=143200&amp;jessionid=0266DB70EAA320E8F3AC1CFC56162E13&siteid=OED&supplier_tag=Safari&amp;turnaway_id=null&amp;source_title_id=OED'); }) });
new FontResizer('fontResizer');
Tapestry.decimalFormatSymbols = {"minusSign":"-","decimalSeparator":".","groupingSeparator":","};
Carousel.initz();
LoginBar.init(false, '/?showLogin=false');
$('currentPage').activate();
Tapestry.init({"zone":[{"update":"show","element":"crossReferenceContentZone"},{"update":"show","element":"categoriesContentZone"},{"update":"show","element":"thesaurusContentZone"},{"update":"show","element":"sourcesContentZone"},{"update":"show","element":"typingReloadZone"},{"update":"show","element":"nextPageZone"}],"linkZone":[["crossReferenceHiddenForm","crossReferenceContentZone","/viewdictionaryentry.crossreferencehiddenform?t:ac=Entry/138777"],["categoriesHiddenForm","categoriesContentZone","/viewdictionaryentry.categorieshiddenform?t:ac=Entry/138777"],["thesaurusHiddenForm","thesaurusContentZone","/viewdictionaryentry.thesaurushiddenform?t:ac=Entry/138777"],["sourcesHiddenForm","sourcesContentZone","/viewdictionaryentry.sourceshiddenform?t:ac=Entry/138777"],["eventlink_1","typingReloadZone","/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel:changesortalpha/1552351987590?t:ac=Entry/138777"],["eventlink_2","typingReloadZone","/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel:changesortdate/1552351987590?t:ac=Entry/138777"],["nextPageForm","nextPageZone","/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.nextpageform?t:ac=Entry/138777"],["typingReloadForm","typingReloadZone","/viewdictionaryentry.dictionarywordwheel.typingreloadform?t:ac=Entry/138777"]],"linkSubmit":[["crossReferenceHiddenForm","crossReferenceFormSubmitButton"],["categoriesHiddenForm","categoriesFormSubmitButton"],["thesaurusHiddenForm","thesaurusFormSubmitButton"],["sourcesHiddenForm","sourcesFormSubmitButton"],["nextPageForm","reloadNextPage"],["typingReloadForm","typingReloadSubmit"]],"validate":[["currentPage",[["numericformat","You must provide an integer value for Current Page.",true],["required","You must provide a value for Current Page."]]]]});
});
</script><script type="text/javascript">
<!--
document.domLoaded=false;
document.observe('dom:loaded',function() { setDomLoaded.defer();});
// -->
</script><div id="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-tmp"></div><div id="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-loading"><div></div></div><div id="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-overlay"></div><div id="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-wrap"><div id="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-outer"><div class="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-bg" id="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-bg-n"></div><div class="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-bg" id="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-bg-ne"></div><div class="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-bg" id="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-bg-e"></div><div class="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-bg" id="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-bg-se"></div><div class="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-bg" id="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-bg-s"></div><div class="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-bg" id="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-bg-sw"></div><div class="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-bg" id="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-bg-w"></div><div class="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-bg" id="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-bg-nw"></div><div id="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-content"></div><a id=""></a><div id="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-title"></div><a href="javascript:;" id="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-left"><span class="fancy-ico" id="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-left-ico"></span></a><a href="javascript:;" id="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-right"><span class="fancy-ico" id="oupcookiepolicy_fancybox-right-ico"></span></a></div></div><iframe id="blockbyte-bs-sidebar" class="notranslate" data-pos="left" src="./OED_files/saved_resource.html"></iframe><div id="blockbyte-bs-indicator" class="blockbyte-bs-fullHeight blockbyte-bs-visible" data-pos="left" style="width: 21px; height: 100%; top: 0%;"><div><span></span></div></div><div id="feedly-mini" title="feedly Mini tookit"></div></body></html>
